See cummae on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cuma"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "cumadh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "cuma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-io-neut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "io-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter io-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cummaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cummae n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "cummae n",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumm",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "sga-decl-io-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cummae+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cummae+L",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cummae+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "io-n",
"dat_du": "cummaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cummaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cummu+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cummae+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cummae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cummai+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cummae+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cummae+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cummae+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cummae+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cummae+L",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cummae+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 13 55 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 59 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 82 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "cutting, butchering, maiming",
"word": "con·ben"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of con·ben: cutting, butchering, maiming"
],
"id": "en-cummae-sga-noun-o-kHxh1y",
"links": [
[
"con·ben",
"conben#Old_Irish"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"butcher",
"butcher"
],
[
"maiming",
"maiming"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shape, form, appearance"
],
"id": "en-cummae-sga-noun-6TqN0mmt",
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cuma"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "coma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "cummae",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cummatu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"similar, alike (with fri or ocus)"
],
"id": "en-cummae-sga-adj-X9x0aml1",
"links": [
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"fri",
"fri#Old_Irish"
],
[
"ocus",
"ocus#Old_Irish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "cummae",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"equally, in the same way"
],
"id": "en-cummae-sga-adv-gNLWwQDt",
"links": [
[
"equally",
"equally"
],
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish adverbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter io-stem nouns",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cuma"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "cumadh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "cuma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-io-neut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "io-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter io-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cummu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cummaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cummaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cummae n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "cummae n",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumm",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "sga-decl-io-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cummae+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cummae+L",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cummae+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "io-n",
"dat_du": "cummaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cummaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cummu+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cummae+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cummae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cummai+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cummae+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cummae+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cummae+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cummae+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cummae+L",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cummae+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "cutting, butchering, maiming",
"word": "con·ben"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of con·ben: cutting, butchering, maiming"
],
"links": [
[
"con·ben",
"conben#Old_Irish"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"butcher",
"butcher"
],
[
"maiming",
"maiming"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shape, form, appearance"
],
"links": [
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish adverbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter io-stem nouns",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cummatu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cuma"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "coma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "cummae",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"similar, alike (with fri or ocus)"
],
"links": [
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"fri",
"fri#Old_Irish"
],
[
"ocus",
"ocus#Old_Irish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish adverbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter io-stem nouns",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kombeyom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kombeyom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kombeyom, from *kom- (“with”) + *beyom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cummae",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cumbae",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "cummae",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"equally, in the same way"
],
"links": [
[
"equally",
"equally"
],
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.me/"
}
],
"word": "cummae"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cummae meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cummae"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "cummae",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.